2013年1月14日星期一

加拿大須語言治療病孩10年急增14倍

克里斯廷(左)正耐心地與
患有自閉症的兒子芬恩溝通。CBC圖片
須語言治療病孩10年急增14倍 / 加拿大星島日報記者報道

素里市一個家庭不滿患有自閉症的4歲兒子,苦候言語治療兩年半,至今仍未得相關服務。省兒童及家庭發展廳承認存在問題,但同時指出,須要言語治療的兒童過去10年增加了14倍。
居住在素里市的朗格夫婦(Long),他們育有的4歲兒子芬恩(Finn)是一個自閉症兒童,出生至今未曾說過一句話。母親克里斯廷(Christina)指出,由首次轉介約見至今,已有920天。她甚至考慮自行修讀課程,成為一位言語治療師。

連昂貴的私營服務也人滿
克里斯廷說,現在,她每天都盡力教導兒子,以及與他溝通。她下一個目標是教導芬恩,讓他可以在今個月4歲生日時,懂得吹蠟燭。
她的丈夫克里斯(Chris)透露,他現在要加倍努力工作,賺取更多收入,為的是可以讓妻子留在家裏,全時間照顧和教導兒子。
在卑詩省,育有5歲或以下確診患有自閉症兒童的家庭,每年可獲得2.2萬元的省府撥款,讓兒童接受相關治療。不過,在此之前,他們仍要輪候接受專業評估和診斷服務,而甚至是昂貴的私營服務也出現很長的輪候名單。

目前,卑詩省兒童接受初步評估的輪候中位數是31個星期,較10年前要輪候兩年,已有很大的改善。朗格夫婦指出,私營醫療中心提供的言語治療師服務,每月收費為4,000元,扣除政府資助後,他們平均每月須補貼2,000元,無疑是一項沉重的負擔。卑詩省兒童及家庭發展廳長卡杜(Stephanie Cadieux)解釋,愈來愈多兒童需要這類服務,由10年前的約600人,增加至現在的8,400人。她承認存在問題,並且正在積極作出改善。同時,她正安排與朗格夫婦見面,並承諾會採取相應行動。

自閉兒大增 早發現才有望治癒

兒童發展醫師Diane Cullinane鼓勵患自閉症兒童
家長積極參與治療,幫助孩子恢復健康。

國家疾病生育和殘障發展中心最新統計數據顯示,每110名兒童中就有一人被診斷患有自閉症,而近年患自閉症的兒童逐年上升,醫學界至今也能找出患病原因。位於巴沙迪那的兒童發展協會(Pasadena Children Development Association)多年來致力於幫助有各種殘障疾病兒童接受治療,目前900名接受治療兒童中,約有500名患有自閉症,包括很多亞裔兒童。

機構執行主任庫立南(Diane Cullinane)醫師近兩年被邀請到中國參加兒童自閉症研討會,為中國自閉症兒童家長提供幫助,並給出治療意見。她說,「在美國,很多亞裔家長不願向政府尋求幫助,覺得孩子患自閉症很丟臉,卻耽誤最佳治療時間」。她回憶去年到南京參觀自閉症輔導學校時,接受治療的只有20多名兒童,而南京是中國大城市,患病兒童遠多於這個數字。她說:「中國大多數父母也會覺得家裡有殘障孩子很丟臉,不願送他們到外面接受治療,只讓他們待在家裡。」

通常孩子自閉症到兩、三歲左右才發現。戴安娜指出,如果孩子在一歲左右還沒有任何語言或想要用語言溝通交流的慾望,或是不斷重複同一個字,很可能是患自閉症的徵兆,因為在兩歲左右,孩子已經可以使用大量語言溝通。自閉症最明顯的特徵就是病患不會與人交流,但自閉症症狀很廣,這只是其中一部分。

她說,很多媽媽表示其實在孩子很小的時候,她們作為母親就能隱約感受到孩子的「異常」,但不確定是患有自閉症。

美國家長通常是先找到當地的殘障區域中心(Regional Center)尋求幫助,他們會根據診斷結果為兒童安排治療。她指出,目前接受治療的很多兒童都是區域中心安排的,家長無需付任何費用。因患自閉症兒童患病程度和方向各不相同,在接受治療時也為他們專門安排,如有些兒童需要「音樂治療」,而有些則需要「社交治療」,還有些需要「感官治療」。她說,很多亞裔家長都認為孩子患自閉症就無藥可救,其實不然,只要共同努力,治愈希望還是很大。

家長在參與幫助治療自閉症過程中有關鍵作用,她建議,與孩子一起玩是治療的關鍵,一定要讓孩子會「玩」,玩具是最好的治療器材。在與孩子一起玩的同時,還要想辦法激發孩子對事物的好奇感和興趣,讓他們有慾望去玩,這樣離治癒就邁進一大步。

Read more: 世界新聞網-北美華文新聞、華商資訊 - 自閉兒大增 早發現才有望治癒

2013年1月4日星期五

Child learning difficulties: choosing the right school

Every opportunity: lessons at Bethany School. 
A supportive school with the right ethos and technical provision will help your child to flourish, says Virginia Matthews.

“Dyslexia may be an obstacle, but as long as you choose the right school there is no reason why a dyslexic child shouldn’t achieve everything their heart desires.”

So says Francie Healy, head of the co-educational Bethany School in Goudhurst, Kent, one of a growing number of mainstream independent schools to offer specialist teaching for dyslexia, dyspraxia and Asperger’s Syndrome.

Bethany’s specialist dyslexia unit caters for groups of around six and is strategically sited in the middle of the main teaching block. “Our approach is to keep all the children together most of the time and to withdraw those needing extra support for tailored sessions when necessary,” says Healy.

“I would advise all parents of dyslexic children to look at where they’ll be for most of the day and to decide whether the school’s approach fosters inclusion or separation.”

With some 10 per cent of the population thought to suffer from dyslexia — symptoms range from mild spelling difficulties to a chronic inability to read and write or severe absent-mindedness — it’s little wonder that independent schools are keen to establish their credentials in this area.

But Brendan Wignall, headmaster of Ellesmere College in Shropshire, and chairman of the Council for the Registration of Schools Teaching Dyslexic Pupils (CReSTeD), says that the relatively small number — fewer than 80 — of schools recognised by this charity suggests provision is patchy.

“You’d expect me to recommend that parents look first and foremost for the CReSTeD seal of approval but, sadly, some schools with dyslexia units see them as little more than a marketing opportunity and, in extreme cases, discourage dyslexic pupils from staying on in case it affects [overall] results.”

He adds that it is vital to question whether the school is in the right place spiritually and culturally. “A mismatch between the confidence-boosting a dyslexic child receives in a specialist unit and the thoughtless barracking they may encounter at the hands of the head of maths an hour later could be very damaging.”

Structured teaching and small class sizes, standard in many independent schools, can be vital for children with dyslexia. But for Carolyn Billson, whose son James attended Bethany before going to the University of Reading, the ethos of the school was all-important.

“Having discovered James has moderate dyslexia with dyspraxic tendencies, we did the rounds of the local private schools. Bethany seemed such an excellent school that we would have chosen it even if it hadn’t had a specialist unit. The practical coping strategies and the support James received transformed his approach to study,” says Billson.

At the boys-only More House School in Frensham, Surrey, which specialises in language-processing problems, headmaster Barry Huggett endorses an individual approach. “Athough we don’t see ourselves as an academic powerhouse, we have the facilities to offer all 413 pupils what amounts to a customised timetable reflecting how each one learns and processes information. So all boys are given the opportunity to take eight or nine GCSEs.”

Former More House parent Sue Olen says that for her son, Oliver, now in his final year at the University of Derby, problems with dyslexia began early. “He had severe difficulty reading [at pre-school stage], and at junior school he was in tears daily due to his frustration at being unable to keep up.”

The family paid the first year’s fees at More House, but once Oliver had been granted a Statement of Special Educational Need — a document issued to pupils with significant difficulties that details the help they should receive — the local authority picked up the tab for the remaining six. “The confidence-building that came from being taught alongside other boys with similar problems changed our son’s life,” says Olen.

Established in 1946 and with only 96 pupils aged between seven and 17, Frewen College in Rye, East Sussex — where term fees from Year 7 start at £6,593 for day pupils and £9,252 for boarders — was the UK’s first specialist dyslexia school. With each house named after a celebrated dyslexic — Sir Richard Branson, Nigel Kennedy, Sir Steve Redgrave and Jamie Oliver — the college sees positive role modelling as crucial.

“Once you’ve found a school with technical provision for dyslexia, find out how many one-to-one or small-group sessions are included in the fees and examine the school’s track record,” says the college’s business manager Jeremy Field. “Look beyond the glossy brochure.”

By Virginia Matthews
6:30AM GMT 01 Jan 2013

特教生玩球練平衡 拉近同儕距離

(健康醫療網/關嘉慶報導)醫療院所主動出擊提供服務又一樁!大林慈濟醫院物理治療師走入校園,定期到學校指導特教生做復健,藉由玩球訓練特教生的平衡,也吸引其他學生加入一起玩球,雖然特教生的肢體動作未立即改善,但是卻拉近了同儕距離,使得特教生更能融入學校生活。

大林慈濟醫院復健科物理治療師蔡明倫表示,輕度智力障礙學生由於情況特殊,可能在學習或生活上遇到困難,除了課業表現跟不上多數同學外,走路、跑步、跳躍、運動也不像同班同學一樣動作靈活;因此家長和學校老師可以申請特殊教育巡迴輔導及物理治療服務,可使特教生獲得更多的個別化教育資源。

蔡明倫表示,在學校為特教生安排復健治療,可在下課時間多加練習身體平衡協調活動為主。以最長的下課時間為例,約有二十分鐘之久,可以讓學生在樹蔭下草坪上有規則地玩踢足球遊戲,除了活動前規則說明、動作技巧演練需要一對一指導外,並希望藉由踢足球遊戲,能引發其他同學的興趣。

蔡明倫指出,經由安排特教生在綠地上奔跑玩足球,果然就吸引不少同學詢問是否可以加入,同學們依照著踢足球的遊戲規則一起玩了起來,不但拉近了特教生與其他同學的距離,而且經過物理治療師的持續指導、復健後,特教生也更能融入學校生活。

大林慈濟醫院特教專業團隊自民國92年開始,即進行嘉義縣特殊教育專業團隊服務計畫,今年更擴大承接嘉義市部份特教服務,除寒暑假外,以規律的2-3週1次的週期到校或到宅服務,由治療師給予諮詢服務、間接治療、直接指導,去年就服務了567位學生。

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